oó????ò?μ?ê¤à?￡???o?á?êyá??ó′óμ??ü?e?￡??è??ó?è×?ê?à?μ?±í??￡????ò±§?1￡o?°??μà?????í2??ü?ú??D??e￡??í?a?′??ììμ??üê?DD?ˉ￡??í??o?á?2300íòμ?μˉyao?±?￡

??óú??è?μ?±§?1￡??òò22??aμà???μê2?′?￡?à????1?????￡?ò??D??2???ê2?′?￡μ??ú?ì?Yμ????·?ú??￡??í′ò3?á??a?ù?àμ?μˉyao￡??òò2?àéùóDμ??a?è?￡òa?aμà￡????÷1ú2ú?ˉò?oó￡??????μμíoü?àμ?￡???105mmμ?á?μˉ2??tê??aò?·￠?￡ò?oó??μ??ì?Y???·ê±??1à??￡?????ò??·??ê?ò?′ó?ú?a?·á??￡

?ò±?°2??μà￡o?°2?1ü???ù￡????ì???1????ê?á???°ùíò?￡òa2?è?￡??ò????·￠??????°é￡??±

?aê±oò￡??ò?μê2?′??2?êêo??￡1yoó￡?μ1ê?ó|??è￥·aμ?±¨?￡μ±è?￡??òò2?yê??a?′×?μ??￡μ±ììííé?￡??ò?????·′ó?üμ????ó1ù·￠á?·a?üμ?￡?ìáD?ò???￡??°?-?-è?′???o?￡?ò????°????á|￡????ü??3??￡è???ê??eóú??±±μè±???￡?21??±?2??ü?°￡???o?￡?±±?ü??á|????￡?′??yá·±?á??ú￡?2??é′í1y?￡?-?-?±

??è?￡?óD×?D?D?μ?2?×?￡?oó????ò??1ê??3à??áê?á??￡?¤?¨??±ê￡?è?2?êμ??￡???′óμ???±?á?1ú·à?üμ?????D?ê??￡í?ê±￡?ò2é??ìμ?ó°?ìá??D1úμ???ê??￡

??′?×????Dμ?￡?ó|????ê?±¨?ˉ??ì?á??￡óè??ê?±±·?±¨??μ?×a±?￡?×??a?÷???￡ò???êà?-éú?°μ?óùó?±¨??????????±¨?·?aày?￡1ú·à?ü3?±?ê±￡?????????±¨?·?úí·°??óò?±¨μà￡?D?3??°?t???ü±??????ù???e???ü?±￡?1ú·à?ü1￥???a?Yμè3?êD￡?????????±¨?·?ú?t°??óò?±¨μà￡?D?3??°?t???üó?1ú·à?üá?á?′ó??￡????úá÷à?ê§?ù?±￡?1ú·à?ü1￥??±￡?¨￡?°ü?§±±??￡?????????±¨?·?úèy°??óò?±¨μà￡?D?3??°1ú·à?ü′ó??è?ê¤￡??t???üD?ê?2????±￡?±±??3?±?1￥??μ?μ±ìì￡?????????±¨?·?úí·°?í·ì??óò?±¨μà￡?ì×oìμ?±êìa?íê??°?-????áú??′ó?-D?ò?±?￡?1ú·à?ü°ù??°ùê¤?e1ú???±?￡

o1￡???í·2Yμ?D?àí￡?′ó?àè?′??￡2èóà·1oó￡???ìíò?D|á???ò?￡?è′ê?2?±?·??úD?é??￡

???y?μμ?×￠òaμ?￡??1ê?1ú?ú?÷ê?á|μ?±??ˉ￡??°?÷1ú???aò?ê??tμ?ì??è?￡

×üμ?à′?μ￡??÷·???μ?ì??è￡???ê??òo?μ?ò???×a±??￡±??1￡?1ú·à?ü′óꤱ±?ü￡???·?μ?D?ê?ò???á?è??￡

ü??÷ê?μ?ì??è￡??éò?ó???Dà1??èà′D?èY?￡???′×?í3???D1úμ?￡?????3éò????×?à?tè¨￡???áìμ?è?D?·????÷￡?×e??·¨??￡????a·?o??à1ú±ê×??￡×?×???òaμ?ê?￡??a??áìμ?è??13D?μ￡o·?????oó￡??a?à1úìá1??3ò××??Y1ú′yó??????ao?òìóú°??D1ú±?3é?à1úμ?רêe?3??μ??￡μ±è?￡?ü??÷ê?ò2?aμà?òê??????÷??êμμ?è?￡??à1úò2?á??3?ò??¨μ?′ú???￡μ?ê?￡??T??è?o?￡??à1ú?ú?D1ú￡??ú????μ?ó°?ìá|￡?????3?1yó￠1ú?￡è?1?2??ü2eé￠è?ó￠í???￡??e??ò2?éò??á3é?à?Dí???￡?ò???è?±??úì????óμ?à????￡?a?ùμ?3é?¨￡?2?1üê????à1ú￡??1ê???ü??÷ê?±?è?￡???ê????aóDà?μ??￡

?ùò?￡?ü??÷ê?ì??è?ê?÷￡?è?á|?§3??ò￡?Dèòaμ?ê±oò￡??à1ú???á?ê?è3Dè??D1ú?t??￡??éò??????ò???°ìá3?μ??°·?3y2???μèì????±μ?òa?ó￡??ò?÷?ˉòa?ó?a?òìá1?′????￡

?ò??′?±íê?á??D?¤￡?éù?÷è?1?Dèòa′???￡?ò??¨ó??è?????à1ú?￡è?oó￡??ò?÷?ˉìá?eá?3D?μ￡??ù′???éêá?3D?μ?????°?a?à1úìá1??3ò××??Y1ú′yó??±?￡í?ê±￡??òò2ìá3?á???D?D?μ?òa?ó￡??￡í?ü??÷ê??ü1?°??ú?ùè??à1úμ???μ￥????ì?±eê??ì′???μ￥?￡ü??÷ê?????ò???￡?′eó|á?￡?μ?òa?ó?òìá1?2?·?×êá?ò??¤?÷???ì?üá|?￡?a??￡??òò2??óD￡??ò????ü??÷ê?￡?3§?ò?áè￥è?°Y·???￡?óDê2?′òa?ó￡???ó?????éìá??￡è?oó￡??òD|×??μ￡o?°???1?éò?oí????ì?ì?ó??e?±?￡ü??÷ê?oá2??úòaμ??μ￡??°μ±è??￡?±?ò??è?àí?a?a??DD?a￡?è′×ü??μ?óDD?o?D|?￡

3D?μê?ò??¨òa×?ê?μ?￡?1ú?òD?ótoü??òa￡??ò?μμ?×?μ?￡?????óDD??￡??ê?1y3ì?′?-?-óDμ?D?D?μ?2?í?￡?????D?ê???ò?￡???±?ü??÷ê?ò22??á?úòa?￡

ó￠?￠·¨?￠μ?μè1úμ?òa??￡???êμ2￠2???òa?￡?a????1ú?ò?y?ú?·?T′òéú′ò?à?￡?í???ò°??a????1ú?òμ?áìê?×￥1yà′￡?′òé?ò??ù°?×ó￡??a??1úò2×??à±íê?ò????1òé￡??????T·¨3?±??éé??￡?ùò?￡??a??1úμ?ì??è￡????°2￠2???òa￡??ò??òa±íê?êêμ±μ?×e?′￡?ò2?í1?á??￡μ±è?￡??ò????2??á??è￥′ò?aD?è?μ?°?×ó￡???è??D1úμ?1úá|óDá?oü′óμ?ìá??￡?è′?1ê?òa±è·¨1ú2?ò?μ??ù￡??ü2?òa?μó￠1úá??￡2?1y￡?×?′ó1ú·à?ü1914′ó??±?ò?à′￡??÷1úê1?úμ?ì??è￡?ò2o?×a2?éù?￡?e??2??á?ú?ò???°￡??ù×???ê??-??μ??ù×ó?￡ó￠?￠·¨á?1úμ?ê1?ú￡?????è?á??ü?t??DD??í3???D1úμ?ê?êμ?￡??í¨1y1?????ìá3?òa?ó￡?òa?ó?ò3Dè?′??°μ?????ì????￡?ò×?è?2??á′eó|￡?±??D1?????·ó?üò???￡?·′?y????ò2??óD±eμ?°ì·¨￡?μ?1úפ?a′ú°ì?í??2?￡?×?′ó±±????μ?1úD???oó￡??í×a?°3éá?????￡?éú???ú?-?àμoμ?×a???￡

1914?êò?oó￡??íá??ú?D1úμ?μ?1úè?￡?±??ˉ?Dμ??-?àμoμ?×a???úμ?????°¤×?μ?é???à??￡é????ú?ó??éú??￡??e3?è?±￡3?á??-×′?￡éú???ú?aà?μ?μ?1úè?￡??o??????μ??μ×?μ?ó?￡??ù×°?′2?μ??D1ú?ˉ2ìμ?3????￡μ?ê?￡???×?ê±??μ?á÷ê?￡?ê§òμμ?μ?1úè?￡??y?y?¨1aá?ê?à?μ??yD?￡?*μ?μ±?èè??￡?èóúéú??￡?Dí?àμ?1úè?2?μ?2???á|íú?ò×?éíμ??±á|￡???D??a°ìá?Dí?à?§?°°à￡?à′?2êú×??oμ??aê?￡??ò??μ??D1úè?μ?1¤3§μ￡è?1¤3ìê|?￡êμ?ú2?DDμ?￡???o?è￥?D1ú1¤3§×÷??1¤á??￡?ü?t??ò2′ó?D????á?ò?D??ì1ù￡?μ?o￡?ü/???ü?üD￡è??ì?￡????￡?ò2óDμ?1úè?￡?±?′ó?§????è??ì￡??ü?t??ò2ò??é?ìμ??￡μ±è?￡??a?D?????aóD????????￡?μ??ü?t???1ê??ù±?1???μ?′|àíá?ò??D????è?1?óD2?1???￡?ò2ê????ò?D1úè??￡×?è?￡??aê?2?êü1?à?μ?￡??t??1¤×÷è??±òaê?·?D?D?·?′??￡μ??àéùóDD??t??1¤×÷è??±￡?à?′?2??￡?￡

?áóú?í1úê1?ú￡?2??aμà?ú??μ?ê?é3?íê1?ú￡??1ê????íê1?ú?￡?°??×?è￥?ê3??é3?ê**í3???áê?á?￡??íò??-???Téù?￠?￡?òìyμ?μ?×?oóμ????￠￡?ê?1?ê1±?è??úê??????üò?oó￡??í×a?°3é????￡??íá??ùóD×ê?e￡????ú×a??à?×íéú???à?￡oó???ò?1??óDμ?μ??òμ??ó???￡

ì°à·μ??°±±??Dü?±′óà′??óD?a?′Déè?1y￡??·??ê1?í?T?1íáμ?????￡?????·é??￡?ê3?·??è±￡?1¤òμ????￡?ía??′ó???￡?D??ìú?·???ú?y′|?úè??￠?à?￠·¨?￠òaμè1úμ??°1ú?ê121ü?±?D?￡???íμ?ê1?ú?¤±?á?oü?àì??t￡??￡í??ü1?μ?μ?±±???t??μ?3Dè??￡???úμ?±±????à?1?μ?é??í?T?1è?o?è?o?￡?×?è?oá2?àí?á?￡óúê?￡??ú??2ìá??D1úD?ê?oó￡????íê1?ú±??·×aà′μ?°2?ì?￡

?ù?Y?3D??ó??μ?μààí￡??ò?ú?a??ê±oò￡?ó|????·?éè·¨′ó?í?T?1éíé?￡??±è??ü?àμ?à?ò??￡?ùò?￡?ò??±?ü???ó????￡???è?1?????·ó?üò???￡?ê2?′ò22?òa′eó|?￡?òìy?μ￡????íê1?ú?y?ú°2?ì??′|???ˉ￡???1o?òò??úá?ê3?￡?aê?éìòμDD?a￡?ó??t???T1?￡??ò??ê?ìáD?éì?ò￡?2?òaê?è???2?￡?D?D?±á?μ?￡

′?ê±′??ì￡?è?±?ê??¨ò?óD?üá|3?±??éé?μ?1ú?ò?￡àí?ùμ±è?￡?è?±?μ?ì??è￡?ò2×?êü??êó?￡??óú?D1úμ??t2?￡?è?±??t???ú2?′??ú×??ùòé?￡???ú￡??×?D?éoí′ó???é?ù?′2???￡???·?±??÷DD??ê??￡ò???áa?μ°2?ì￡?′óì??Dè?ó?o?￡?ò?????×°±±???t??￡?·??2′úàíè??￡??ì?μ??D1ú￡??í·′ó3?úè?±?פ?a1?ê1è???ò?oíè?±?פ°2?ì′ú°ìD?á|éíé??￡è?±?1?ê11Yéè?ú±±??￡?è???ò?è′3￡?êéú???ú°2?ì￡???D?á|?ò3￡פ±±???￡óéóú???tê?ò?ì??·μ???êe￡?è???ò??ú1ú?úμ?è???óD?ù??éy￡??e????óDè?o°′òo°é±á??￡μ?ê?￡??°??1ú???±μ???éù￡?2?ê±μ?éá??3é?aè???ò?μ?í·???￡?ùò?￡?è???ò?ò2??oüê??à???￡óúê?￡??ò?í1?à???￡??°?ò????ê??aá?1ú?òμ?à?ò???·ü?·￡??Dè?????′??ú×?Dí?àμ?12í?à?ò?￡???·?o??òá?à?￡?·??òá?o|?￡è????yμ??àD?￡?μ?ê±oò×?è??á±?1úè??ùàí?a?±?????￡ê1è???ò??á?¨á?D?D?￡??á3??°?×?D?±2??ˉò?^-^?￡

è???ò?oü1??μ?òμ?3D?μ￡??òò2?ù′?±íê?ò??¨D?ê?3D?μ?￡μ?ê?￡??Dè?????μ?2???μèì???￡?ê?ò??¨òa·?3yμ???????μè·?′??úí????￡è???ò???′?ò2±íê?3?á?àí?a￡?í?ê±￡??????òè?±????ú????oü???óêü?￡?ò?í?μ￡??°?a?íDèòa?ò????á|1μí¨￡???°ì·¨?a??á??￡??êμ￡???óèè?±??3ò××ì?Y1ú′yó?￡??12?ê?ò??ù￡??±

??óàμ?￡??íòaè???ò?ó?è?±?1ú?ú?aêíá??￡?ü·?×???êμ??￡??òò??-2?ì?μ￡D??￡ê??é?íê?è?′?￡?è?±?2??ü1?íì2￠?D1ú￡?×?è??í???üó??D1úo?×÷?￡?áóú????μ?3?í?￡??ò2￠2?·??úD?é??￡ò????°μ??é??????￡??D1ú×?2?￡?ò2?ü1?ó?è?±?′ò??á?°ü??é??￡ò2?íê??μ￡??D1úμ??àá￠2?3é?êìa?￡?òμ?×?μí??±ê??ê?′?3éá?￡?D??éμ±è?2??á???′μ￡D?á??￡

?3±??μò???￡??ò?íá?ò?í2?°′óoì???±??è???ò?￡?è???ò?±í??μ??D?¤íò·??￡?òóDμ???D?￡?μ?í|×?á?￡???μ?o?′|μ?±íê?￡?2?±??í???￡

1ú?ú?÷ê?êμá|?éè???μ?ì??è￡?ò2óDá??÷??o?×a?￡1????￠????oí1ó?Y????￡??ó??á?áa???￡óD???￠??3?￡???D?é?ó????ü3????úá?1????￡?a??￡?2?1ü??￡?2?òa?′?????ú??μ???￡???íí????à-??μ￥?￡??′¨μ???ê?￡??ú?ì?Yμ?í￡?ù??oó￡??ù′??¤áò?eà′?￡?′à′ì??ìò￠ò°D??1ê?oü′óμ??￡1??÷??èùí￠′ú±íò??-±íê?￡??￡í??óè?áaê?￡????°?y?úì?ì??t?￡??êμ￡?à′ì?ì??tμ?￡?o??11??÷ò??ò￡??àá?è￥?￡?D1ú?t??êμ?ê????μ?￡?óD?tê??t??ê?·Y￡????ú°2?ìμ?′ú±íμ1óD??ê?????￡?é?ê???ê?μ???óD?￡

?ò??óD?ó???ùóD?aD?′ú±í?￡??ê?è?è??ó′y????￡?????????μ?ì??t￡??ù?y?y?óò?ì????￡?ü??μ??òμ?′ú±í￡?êyá?2??à?￡′óì??μà′￡?óDé??÷???÷é?μ?￡?áé?t??×÷á?μ?￡?1??÷??èùí￠μ?￡?ò??°??·??°é??÷μèμ?μ?????′ú±í?￡

???ú￡?±è????òaμ?￡?òa??1??÷oíé??÷μ?à′è??￡1??÷μ??-òòò??-?μ1yá?￡??aà??μò???é??÷?￡é??÷μ???òaD?￡??úóú?üμ?μ?àí?????￡í¨1yé??÷￡??ò?éò??é±?ó???￡?????±±?üμ?í??·￡?ò?±ü?a??ê?μ?à?′ó￡??ì?ù?áê????ù?￡?μ??D?à??°￡??aò?ììμ??ü·??a?§￡??éòa??°ùíòμ?￡???ò?ììê?ò?ìì?￡é??÷′ú±í?°??￡?ê????÷é?μ?μ?á|??á?￡?????????ìy??′ó?￡?°??ò??ú′eó|á?1ú·à?ü1y?3μ?òa?ó￡?í?ê±￡?ìáá?????òa?ó?￡?òμ???′eò2oü?±?ó￡????÷é?μ??üá|ê?óD?￡?ùò?￡????÷é??éò??ú′ó?ü￡?′ó?tá????D￡?è?????ò??￡è?￡?áaê????è￡??ü2??é?t￡??t2??é?ü?????°??Dèòa?????aD??êìa￡?μ???2??ü1??a·￠±í??μ?òa???±?￡′ó?t￡??éò?μ￡è?ê?3¤￡??ò???3ò?2?3¤￡?′ó?ü￡?ò2?áê?ò?êμè¨???°????Dèòa?-1y?§?°oí??o??￡

8??5è?￡??°??·μ??é??÷￡?°2??1ú·à?üí¨1yê?ò??￡???÷é?ìy???òμ?ì??t￡?ê?·?éú??￡?±-×ó???¤á?￡????°??μ?Dí?μoü2??úòa?￡?°??à?D|?êμà￡o?°é??÷?ü±è±±?ó?üè?o?￡??±′?ê±￡?é??÷?ü2?1y????￡?2?×?èyíòè?￡?è?o??ü1?ó?±±?ó?ü?àìá2￠???￡???÷é?2?????è??￡?°???ìμà￡o?°′?ò??-ê???o?μ?ì??tá?￡?oóà′????ó?μ?′???2??ü?±?￡

8??6è?￡?·?1úè°í¨μ?′?×üí3?°￡??aà?ìáμ?·?1úè°￡?ê?òò?a?ò?ú??è?oó??μ?á???μ??üê1￡?????1y3ì2?±??êê?￡?·?1úè°ò°D???′ó￡??òéD?éèY￡????aè???ì°à·￡???2??üèY????·?1úè°?íè?×üí3?1?a????8íò?a??3????°×üí3ó??±￡?êYD|′ó·??￡?ùò?￡??????????T·?·ó?ü·???ò??￡

8??11è?￡?à?á????êé?μ?μú?tê|??è?é??÷￡?í?DD?¨3μ3500á?￡?Dˉ′?á?′óá?μ?×°±???×ê?￡

8??22è?￡?é?μ?μú?tê|??1y′óí?￡???è????ò?ú￡?3????ú±±??2àoó￡??e?aá?±±???t???￡±±???t?????±′ó?°??￡?μ÷?ˉ?ü?ó??·à?￡±±??êD???aê?à?3?￡???±ü???ò?￡

oó??μ?íá·?ê????êìa?￡?ò2??2??·?í???ààμ?è???￡?×ü??μ?????o?òY??àí￡??úí?2?àí????￡?2??μμ?í??é?￡?ùò?￡??òò??±ò?à′μ??t2?￡???′?ààè?????oü??à÷?￡μ?ê?￡?oó??μ??é??ó?2?ò??ù?￡?￥±±oí?￥?D????μ?íáμ?±è??·ê??￡?óDê±?é???12?′í￡??￥?÷??????ó?′?2?í?￡?????à§ê??aè?μ??￡?ú?3é???oí±|·á??μ?ò?D?′?×ˉà?￡?′óμ??÷??o???óD?ùóDμ?íáμ?￡?μ?×a??′?áù3é?￡?úê?3é2?o?μ?ê±oò￡??￠?????í3?2?3éêìμ?×ˉ?ú￡¨3??à￡??￠?·?￠ê÷?¤?￠ì|To?￠é??á?ì·à?￡

?eáêμ???μ?1à?èoü??òa￡??ùò?￡??ú??à?íú1μê?ò?????òaμ??±òμ?￡?aD?íú1μμ?è?￡?±?3??a???3?￡??1ú3??ê￡??3é?ò?μ?1à???íóDêyíò?????3?￡μ±1¤×÷??éùê±￡?3é?óμ????3·?3￡èYò×±??a·?°?￡?á???????μ?????±?μ???à′???￡oy￡??±μ??3é?°??°íá·??±3??a?°?????±?￡′?ía￡??úoó??±è????êüμ?μ???￡??1óDDí?à???üé?í?￡?oì?1?áμèμè￡?????ê???′?×??àé?í??￡

×ü??????￡?oó??μ??é???òμ?ò?ì￡oyí??￡?????aμà?a?ùμ??é??￡??ò?í?ü1?àí?a￡??ao??áóD???′?àè??àD?**￡?2￠??òa?a???°?íoó?ìá??￡?T??è?o?￡??òoü???úoó??êμDD??à÷μ??t2??￡

?ò?éá?????ê|μ?oó??￡??t??é?μ?ê|￡?èy??D?±à2?±?ê|?￡ò???ò????í?éμ??t2?￡?òa?ó×÷????éùμ?íá·?í??μ￡?D?2?á??°?aóú×·???±μ?éa?aá?￡?ò????aê???·?￡?ê??é???÷￡????¤oó????°2?￡ó?′?í?ê±￡??ò??oó??μ????·′ó?ü??μ÷íùoó±±?￡

8??23è?￡?1ú·à?ü?úêˉ±￡ìì￡¨?ò￡?è???￡?í?ê±?1?a1￥ê??￡